Revealed! The Truth About Fertilizer Shelf Life

Are you wondering if that bag of fertilizer you bought last year is still good? It’s a common dilemma. We often end up buying new fertilizer each spring because we’re unsure if the leftovers from the previous year are still effective. So, does fertilizer expire? Let’s find out.

Synthetic Granular Fertilizer: Ageless Beauty

Granular fertilizer, if stored properly, can last indefinitely. Yes, you heard it right! These little granules can withstand the test of time. However, moisture or rodents can become potential threats to their longevity. To keep your granular fertilizer in top shape, store it in lidded, waterproof plastic buckets or boxes inside a building like a shed, instead of leaving it exposed to the elements.

Organic Granular Fertilizer: A Longer Shelf Life

Organic granular fertilizer usually lasts for 1 to 5 years or even longer. But remember, it depends on the specific formula. Fertilizers containing microbes may have a shorter lifespan. Nitrogen-rich ingredients can leach if they get too wet or lose their effectiveness if they get too hot. However, as long as you keep your organic fertilizers dry and cool, they should last indefinitely. If you prefer to buy newer bags for your garden, consider adding the older material to your compost pile.

Liquid Synthetic Fertilizer: The Eternal Elixir

Liquid fertilizer, whether sold as a fluid or as crystals to be dissolved in water, also has a long shelf life. Typically, liquid plant food is best used within 3 years of purchase. However, when properly stored, it can remain effective for at least 8 years. Just make sure to avoid freezing temperatures, as freezing can decrease its effectiveness. Always give your liquid fertilizer a good shake before using it to ensure it is well-mixed.

Unopened Liquid Organic Fertilizer: The Ageless Wonder

Unopened liquid organic fertilizers, like fish and kelp emulsions, have an indefinite shelf life. They can last until water is added. Just keep in mind that the older emulsions might require some extra shaking to properly mix with water. Be prepared for an unpleasant smell, as these emulsions tend to have a distinctive odor. Apply them as soon as possible after mixing, and remember to wash your hands thoroughly afterwards.

Weed and Feed Fertilizers: Not Eternal, but Still Effective

Weed and feed fertilizers, which contain herbicides along with nutrients, usually have an expiration date of 1 to 4 years. Herbicides tend to lose their effectiveness over time, so these fertilizers have earlier expiration dates. However, the actual fertilizer component should still work fine even if the herbicide weakens. It’s best to use these fertilizers within 1 year of purchase to ensure they don’t clump and become difficult to apply.

Microbial Inoculants: Handle with Care

Microbial inoculants, often referred to as probiotics for plants, have the shortest shelf life. They contain living microorganisms and can last as little as 6 months or as long as 2 years, depending on the product. Some require refrigeration, and extreme temperatures should be avoided. While the recommended usage period may be 3 months, a study suggests that these fertilizers can contain high levels of microbes for up to 4 months, regardless of storage conditions.

Storing Leftover Fertilizer: 5 Handy Tips

To ensure the longevity of your leftover fertilizer, here are a few tips to keep in mind:

1. Use a waterproof and rodent-proof container.
2. Avoid placing fertilizer directly on the ground. Use pallets or other raised surfaces.
3. Store fertilizer in a cool and dry building, away from direct sunlight and windows.
4. If you discard the original packaging, label the new container clearly and keep a copy of the instructions.
5. Share your unwanted fertilizer with other gardeners or add organic fertilizers to your compost pile. For synthetic fertilizer, dispose of it properly on your community’s hazardous waste collection day.

Remember, with proper storage and care, your fertilizer can go the distance! Don’t be too quick to throw away that bag of fertilizer. Instead, put it to good use and watch your plants thrive.

For more information on fertilizers and gardening tips, visit the Ames Farm Center. Happy gardening, everyone!